abstract：:There is considerable evidence that phase variation among transparent and opaque colony phenotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) plays an important role in the pneumococcal adherence and invasion. The current study was designed to investigate the interactions of the opacity phenotype variants of Spn with specific ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Li Q,Li YX,Douthitt K,Stahl GL,Thurman JM,Tong HH

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are important diseases worldwide. Although antibody-dependent enhancement of infection has been proposed as a mechanism for increased disease severity, enhancing antibodies in endemic people have not been thoroughly investigated. Recently, we established a serological assay sy...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Yamanaka A,Tabuchi Y,Mulyatno KC,Susilowati H,Hendrianto E,Soegijanto S,Konishi E

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term protection against Toxoplasma gondii is dependent on robust CD8(+) T cell immunity. In the absence of this response, the host is unable to maintain chronicity, which results in recrudescence of infection and possible death. Factors needed for the persistence of protective CD8(+) T cells against the parasite ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Bhadra R,Khan IA

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) mostly owes its success to its ability to evade host immune responses. Understanding viral immune escape mechanisms is a prerequisite to improve future HIV-1 vaccine design. This review focuses on the strategies that HIV-1 has evolved to evade recognition by natural killer (...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Jost S,Altfeld M

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 3'-5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG) is the main mediator of cGMP signalling in the malaria parasite. This article reviews the role of PKG in Plasmodium falciparum during gametogenesis and blood stage schizont rupture, as well as the role of the Plasmodium berghei orthologue i...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Hopp CS,Bowyer PW,Baker DA

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we evaluate the role of human γδ T cells in control of Francisella tularensis infection. Using an in vitro model of infection, a reduction in bacterial numbers was detected in the presence of human γδ T cells for both attenuated LVS and virulent SCHU S4 strains of F. tularensis. Antibody neutralisation o...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Rowland CA,Hartley MG,Flick-Smith H,Laws TR,Eyles JE,Oyston PC

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To identify immunodominant antigens and MHC-restricted antibody responses, seven different strains of mice were intravaginally infected with Chlamydia muridarum and compared for antibody responses to 257 C. muridarum proteins. The 7 strains of mice recognized a total of 109 proteins as antigens, of which, 5 antigens (...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Zeng H,Hou S,Gong S,Dong X,Zou Q,Zhong G

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emerging evidence identifies multiple roles for nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase in host-microbe interaction. We provide the first synopsis of utilization of this molecule by various microorganisms during colonization of host tissues. Additionally, we propose novel mechanisms this effector may participate in, which could...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Spooner R,Yilmaz Ö

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages respond to infection with Legionella pneumophila by the induction of inflammatory mediators, including type I Interferons (IFN-Is). To explore whether the bacterial second messenger cyclic 3'-5' diguanylate (c-diGMP) activates some of these mediators, macrophages were infected with L. pneumophila strains i...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Abdul-Sater AA,Grajkowski A,Erdjument-Bromage H,Plumlee C,Levi A,Schreiber MT,Lee C,Shuman H,Beaucage SL,Schindler C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel vaccines are needed to control tuberculosis (TB), the bacterial infectious disease that together with malaria and HIV is worldwide responsible for high levels of morbidity and mortality. TB can result from the reactivation of an initially controlled latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Mtb prote...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Romano M,Aryan E,Korf H,Bruffaerts N,Franken CL,Ottenhoff TH,Huygen K

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study used a murine model of type 2 diabetes (BKS.Cg-Dock7(m) +/+Lepr(db)/J mice) to investigate the inflammatory and cellular mechanisms predisposing to Burkholderia pseudomallei infection and co-morbid diabetes. Homozygous db/db (diabetic) mice developed extreme obesity, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance le...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Hodgson KA,Morris JL,Feterl ML,Govan BL,Ketheesan N

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of its severe side effects and variable efficacy, the current treatment for Chagas disease is unsatisfactory. Natural compounds are good alternative chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of this infection. Recently, our group reported the antiproliferative activity and morphological alterations in epimasti...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Pelizzaro-Rocha KJ,Veiga-Santos P,Lazarin-Bidóia D,Ueda-Nakamura T,Dias Filho BP,Ximenes VF,Silva SO,Nakamura CV

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Entamoeba histolytica, which causes amebic colitis and occasional liver abscesses in humans, can induce host cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. Recently, we have demonstrated that E. histolytica can induce cell death in neutrophils via diphenyleneiodonium-sensitive NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen s...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Kim KA,Kim JY,Lee YA,Song KJ,Min D,Shin MH

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trypanosoma cruzi the cause of Chagas disease persists in tissues of infected experimental animals and humans. Here we demonstrate the persistence of the parasite in adipose tissue from of three of 10 elderly seropositive patients with chronic chagasic heart disease. Nine control patients had no parasites in the fat. ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Ferreira AV,Segatto M,Menezes Z,Macedo AM,Gelape C,de Oliveira Andrade L,Nagajyothi F,Scherer PE,Teixeira MM,Tanowitz HB

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yersiniabactin (Ybt) is a siderophore-dependent iron uptake system encoded on a pathogenicity island that is widespread among pathogenic bacteria including the Yersiniae. While biosynthesis of the siderophore has been elucidated, the secretion mechanism and a few components of the uptake/utilization pathway are uniden...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Perry RD,Fetherston JD

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection with Helicobacter pylori cagA-positive strains plays an essential role in the development of gastric carcinoma. This review summarizes the pathophysiological functions of the cagA gene product, CagA, particularly focusing on the molecular mechanisms underlying CagA translocation into the host cells as well a...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Murata-Kamiya N

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously showed the possibility that Gag A146P, which is an escape mutant from HLA-B∗57-restricted CTLs, was selected by HLA-B∗48:01-restricted Gag138-147(LI10)-specific CTLs in a Japanese cohort in which HLA-B∗57 individuals were not detected. We herein demonstrated Gag140-147(GI8) to be the optimal epitope rath...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Naruto T,Murakoshi H,Chikata T,Koyanagi M,Kawashima Y,Gatanaga H,Oka S,Takiguchi M

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influenza viruses contain highly variable genomes and are able to infect a wide range of host species. Large-scale sequencing projects have collected abundant influenza sequence data for assessing influenza genome diversity and evolution. This work reviews current influenza sequence databases characteristics and s...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Tsai KN,Chen GW

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis subspecies (subsp.) tularensis is a CDC Category A biological warfare agent and inhalation of as few as 15 bacilli can initiate severe disease. Relatively little is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of host defense against respiratory infection with subsp. tularensis. In this stu...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： KuoLee R,Harris G,Conlan JW,Chen W

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an arbovirus belonging to the family Flaviviridae. It is maintained in a zoonotic cycle involving pigs, ardeid birds and Culex species of mosquitoes. Humans are accidental/dead end hosts of JEV infection because they cannot sustain high viral titers. Factors affecting the clinical ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Unni SK,Růžek D,Chhatbar C,Mishra R,Johri MK,Singh SK

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A robust and reliable cell culture system for serum-derived HCV (HCVser) has not been established yet because of the presence of neutralizing antibody and tropism for infection. To overcome this obstacle, we employed a lipid-mediated protein intracellular delivery reagent (PIDR) that permits internalization of protein...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Fukuhara T,Tani H,Shiokawa M,Goto Y,Abe T,Taketomi A,Shirabe K,Maehara Y,Matsuura Y

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 (MALP-2), a mycoplasmal diacylated lipopeptide with palmitic acid moiety (Pam2), activates Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 to induce inflammatory cytokines. TLR2 is known to mature myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) to drive mDC contact-mediated natural killer (NK) cell activation. Here we te...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Sawahata R,Shime H,Yamazaki S,Inoue N,Akazawa T,Fujimoto Y,Fukase K,Matsumoto M,Seya T

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The strategies that allow Brucella abortus to persist for years inside macrophages subverting host immune responses are not completely understood. Immunity against this bacterium relies on the capacity of IFN-γ to activate macrophages, endowing them with the ability to destroy intracellular bacteria. We report here th...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Barrionuevo P,Delpino MV,Velásquez LN,García Samartino C,Coria LM,Ibañez AE,Rodríguez ME,Cassataro J,Giambartolomei GH

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review elaborates on recent insights gained on the dynamic aspects of interactions between pathogen and the host intracellular machinery in tuberculosis infection. In addition we will also discuss the utility of adopting a systems biology approach, both for a better understanding of TB biology, and for the develo...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Kumar D,Rao KV

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flaviviruses enter their host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, a well-orchestrated process of receptor recognition, penetration and uncoating. Recent findings on these early steps in the life cycle of flaviviruses are the focus of this review. ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Kaufmann B,Rossmann MG

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli together represent the leading bacterial cause of human enteritis. However, the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood. Infection results in the formation of crypt abscesses resulting from the migration of neutrophils across the intestinal epithelium and into the ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Murphy H,Cogan T,Humphrey T

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxoplasma IgG and IgA, but not IgM, antibody titers were significantly higher in immunocompetent mice with cerebral proliferation of tachyzoites during the chronic stage of infection than those treated with sulfadiazine to inhibit the parasite growth. Their IgG and IgA antibody titers correlated significantly with th...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Singh J,Graniello C,Ni Y,Payne L,Sa Q,Hester J,Shelton BJ,Suzuki Y

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a poxvirus with a strict rabbit-specific host-tropism for pathogenesis. The immunoregulatory factors encoded by MYXV can suppress some functions of immune effectors from other species. We review their mechanisms of action, implications in therapeutics and the potential to improve MYXV as an onco...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Liu J,Wennier S,McFadden G

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium. This intraerythrocytic protozoan produces hemozoin (HZ), an insoluble crystalline metabolite resulting from the heme detoxification mechanism. This review will focus on HZ biosynthesis and synthetic preparation, but in particular on its effe...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Shio MT,Kassa FA,Bellemare MJ,Olivier M

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoxenous trypanosomatids usually have an invertebrate as the only host in their life cycles, however, they have been found repeatedly in plants and/or mammals. To succeed in colonizing a vertebrate host, the parasite must quickly adapt to drastic changes in the environment (e.g. temperature), which reflect the condi...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Pereira FM,Santos-Mallet JR,Branquinha MH,d'Avila-Levy CM,Santos AL

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella, a Gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen is capable of infecting vast array of hosts. The striking ability of Salmonella to overcome every hurdle encountered in the host proves that they are true survivors. In the host, Salmonella infects various cell types and needs to survive and replicate by c...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lahiri A,Lahiri A,Iyer N,Das P,Chakravortty D

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality among live-born infants. Respiratory tract infections are the most important cause of mortality in individuals with DS at all ages. In recent decades several studies have been performed to elucidate abnormalities of the immune system in DS. However, the inf...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Bloemers BL,Broers CJ,Bont L,Weijerman ME,Gemke RJ,van Furth AM

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant BCG strain that secretes the chimaeric protein of Ag85B and ESAT-6 has been demonstrated to augment Th1 immune response in C57BL/6 mice. In this paper, we studied the immunostimulatory activity of the recombinant BCG strains in vitro and found out that rBCG-A(N)-E-A(C) activated THP-1 cells and induced hig...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Xu Y,Liu W,Shen H,Yan J,Yang E,Wang H

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a neurotropic pathogen that can cause severe neural diseases and complications on infected patients. Clinical observations showed that EV71-induced immune responses may be associated with virus induced neurogenic pulmonary edema. Here reviewed studies that discovered several host molecules as ...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Weng KF,Chen LL,Huang PN,Shih SR

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemiologically important Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains, highly endemic in East Asia, have become an emerging infection in certain geographic areas, including Russia, because of its increasing prevalence and association with multidrug resistance (MDR). The aim was to verify whether MDR Beij...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Lasunskaia E,Ribeiro SC,Manicheva O,Gomes LL,Suffys PN,Mokrousov I,Ferrazoli L,Andrade MR,Kritski A,Otten T,Kipnis TL,da Silva WD,Vishnevsky B,Oliveira MM,Gomes HM,Baptista IF,Narvskaya O

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The establishment of infection by Brucella ovis and Brucella canis in J774.A1 macrophages was found to be dependent upon cholesterol and ganglioside GM(1), two components of lipid rafts. This process also required a class A scavenger receptor of macrophages, and was not inhibited by smooth and rough lipopolysaccharide...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Martín-Martín AI,Vizcaíno N,Fernández-Lago L

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are a major cause of diarrheal illness in developing countries, and perennially the most common cause of traveller's diarrhea. ETEC constitute a diverse pathotype that elaborate heat-labile and/or heat-stable enterotoxins. Recent molecular pathogenesis studies reveal sophisticat...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Fleckenstein JM,Hardwidge PR,Munson GP,Rasko DA,Sommerfelt H,Steinsland H

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis induces apoptosis within macrophages but the temporal and spatial modulation through activation of caspase-1, caspase-3, and the anti-apoptosis nuclear transcription factor B (NF-kappaB) is not known. Whether escape of the bacteria into the cytosol is sufficient and/or essential for activation o...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Santic M,Pavokovic G,Jones S,Asare R,Kwaik YA

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined various HIV-1 Vif mutants for interaction with APOBEC3 proteins (A3G/A3F). All replication-defective proviral mutants were found to carry A3G/A3F in virions, and of these, a replication-defective mutant with Vif that binds to A3G in cells but not in virions was noted. Furthermore, a mutant Vif protein that...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Yamashita T,Nomaguchi M,Miyake A,Uchiyama T,Adachi A

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiopathology of Chagas' disease has been largely defined in murine infections with virulent strains which partially represent parasite diversity. This report reviews our studies with Sylvio X10/4 parasites, a Trypanosoma cruzi clone that induces no acute phase but in C3H/He mice leads to chronic myocarditis res...

journal_title：Microbes and infection

authors： Marinho CR,Nuñez-Apaza LN,Bortoluci KR,Bombeiro AL,Bucci DZ,Grisotto MG,Sardinha LR,Jorquera CE,Lira S,Lima MR,Alvarez JM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00